Fifteen highrisk social drinkers with an alcoholic father and 14 lowrisk no alcoholic relatives in at least two generations subjects were tested in a doubleblind, placebocontrolled study of the effects of 50 mg. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a reliable and valid 14. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in subjective acute effects of alcohol and naltrexone among those who prefer spicy food to varying degrees. The associations between drinking and cv diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and cardiomyopathy have been studied extensively. Intensity of alcohol effects was assessed with the number of drinks. The effect of alcohol on a person will vary according to the persons mood, the time of day, amount of food in the stomach, the mixer used, how fast the person drinks, and what and why they are drinking. Alcohol and other drug aod involvement by adolescents is still a major public health issue in this country. Pdf development and validation of the biphasic alcohol. Measuring the shortterm biphasic effects of alcohol christopher s. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes martin et al. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is widely used to assess stimulant and sedative alcohol effects. The items are presented in alphabetical order, and are rated on an 11point rating scale from 0not at. Addiction research center inventory, adjective checklist, alcohol, amphetamine, arci, baes, benzedrine, biphasic alcohol effects scale, buzz, cigarettes, dizziness, deq, drug effects. The secondary protocols can then be used to obtain detailed information on a specific substance.
The comprehensive alcohol expectancy questionnaire caeq. The biphasic alcohol effects scale 9 includes seven items that assess stimulant effects and seven that assess sedative effects. The items are presented in alphabetical order, and are rated on an 11point rating scale from 0not at all to 10extremely. Expanding the utility of the biphasic alcohol effects scale. Martin et al, 1993 is a 14item unipolar adjective rating scale designed to measure both the stimulant and sedative effects of alcohol. Combined effects of alcohol and caffeine full text view. Naltrexone and memantine effects on alcohol drinking. Anticipated biphasic effects of alcohol vary with risk for alcoholism. Effects of acute alcohol consumption on emotion recognition in social alcohol drinkers jasmine n khouja1,2 3, angela s attwood1,2 3. In the present study, 100 college students, who were either coas n18 or conas n82, completed the biphasic alcohol effects scale a selfreport measure of stimulation and sedation. An abbreviated scale bbaes and a comprehensive measures of alcohol effects seas demonstrate. Brief biphasic alcohol effects scalestimulation subscale baes.
In previous studies, various tools were used to assess these effects, including expectancy questionnaires. In this study, we examined the caeq in a student sample n 932 and in a clinical sample of alcohol dependent inpatients n 744. Until recently, the effect of alcohol on neural mechanisms has. Sensitivity to these effects may increase the risk for the development of alcoholism. Development and validation of the biphasic alcohol effects scale. Visual analogue scales 0100 mm were used to assess similarity to ethanol, euphoria, and alcohol craving 10. Stimulation and sedation biphasic alcohol effects scale and 12 subjective intoxication were measured multiple times after drinking. Alcohol produces biphasic effects of both stimulation and sedation. Development and validation of the biphasic alcohol effects. This measure is a commonly used 14item scale that assesses stimulant 7 items and sedative 7 items subjective effects of drugs on a 10point likert scale. A biphasic drug is one that has different effects on the body at different blood concentration levels.
Auq and subjective responses to alcohol via the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes 29 and a modified version of the drug effects questionnaire. A subjective assessment of the shortterm effects of. The biphasic alcohol effects scale has shown good reliability and validity and yields 2 subscales, stimulation and sedation, shown to correspond to alcohol effects often observed on ascending and descending brac, respectively. In this study, we examined the caeq in a student sample n 932 and in a clinical sample of alcoholdependent inpatients n 744. A rating scale approach was chosen as the response format because it is easily understood by most participants and can be completed quickly, which was important given that the seas was designed to be administered multiple times. The time points for all subjective measures were adopted from the original study. Difference of the naltrexones effects in social drinkers. Request pdf validation of the brief biphasic alcohol effects scale bbaes the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a reliable and valid 14item. Rewarding, stimulant, and sedative alcohol responses and. Results of exploratory factor analyses supported a 3factor model which captured the. The modified polish adaptation of baes is now complete as skala efektow picia alkoholu sepa scale of alcohol drinking effects.
Expanding the utility of the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes. Published reports of its effects on adolescent drinking, however, are limited to. Jan 01, 20 the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes was developed to measure subjective ratings of alcohol sedation and stimulation, and the baes shows a pattern of stimulant effects on the ascending limb of the breath alcohol concentration brac curve and sedative effects on the descending limb of the brac curve with moderate doses of alcohol. Assessed multiple times, starting at 50 minutes after priming drink until 230 minutes after priming drink. Acute biphasic alcohol effects scale baes, visual analogue scale for craving vasc, blood alcohol concentration bac and food preference scale were measured in 26 men. Alcoholinduced changes in stimulation and sedation are commonly assessed with selfreport questionnaires in human research and with physical activity monitoring in animal research. Biphasic alcohol effects scale baes addiction research center. Effect of memantine on cueinduced alcohol craving in. Studies of acute alcohol challenge have revealed the neural and behavioral impairments that accompany intoxication. Individual differences in the biphasic effects of ethanol. Expanding the utility of the biphasic alcohol effects. Although the abaes provides an important theoretical contribution to the literature, the effects assessed by the. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a reliable and valid 14item measure of alcohols acute stimulant and sedative effects, but its.
Areas covered include the effects of alcohol on body parts, the health effects of acute alcohol use, the health conditions related to chronic alcohol use, and the effects of alcohol on other people and populations. Validation of the brief biphasic alcohol effects scale b. The aim of the study was to prepare the polish adaptation of the scale in order to determine its reliability and offer a preliminary assessment of validity. Confirming the factor structure of the anticipated biphasic alcohol effects scale. The drug effects questionnaire deq consists of simple, facevalid, visual analog scale vas questions on which people report their subjective states after ingesting a substance. This article describes the development and preliminary validation of the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes, a self. Hierarchical linear models showed that the asq reliably predicted each of these outcomes following alcohol but not. Main outcome measures the biphasic alcohol effects scale, the alcohol urge questionnaire, the profile of mood states, and the alcohol rating scale were administered.
Results individuals with at least 1 copy of the g allele reported lower alcohol craving and higher alcoholinduced high across rising breath alcohol concentrations. Seven items ranging from 0 not at all to extremely 10 with higher measurements indicating higher stimulation. Effects of acute alcohol consumption on the human brain. Effects of naltrexone on adolescent alcohol cue reactivity. The comprehensive alcohol expectancy questionnaire. Alcohol induced changes in stimulation and sedation are commonly assessed with selfreport questionnaires in human research and with physical activity monitoring in animal research. Alcohol produces stimulant and sedative effects, and both types of effect are thought to influence drinking practices. The fivefactor structure was confirmed by means of confirmatory factor analysis. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a reliable and valid 14item measure of alcohol s acute stimulant and sedative effects, but its length may preclude use in research paradigms with time.
Jan 26, 2012 brief biphasic alcohol effects scale stimulation subscale baes. Alcohol sensitivity questionnaire 1 2 5 kimberly a. Effect of naltrexone on subjective alcohol response in. Only one existing ae measure, the anticipated biphasic alcohol effects scale abaes. Subjective responses to alcohol were measured using the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes 15 at approximately 30 minutes before drinking and again at 25 and 55 minutes after the initiation of alcohol consumption. Current measures of alcohol expectancies, however, tend to disregard dose or to assess expected effects for an. Individual differences in the biphasic effects of ethanol individual differences in the biphasic effects of ethanol holdstock, louis. Alcohol challenge responses predict future alcohol use disorder. We investigated specific subjective effects of naltrexone pretreatment or placebo during various intervals on the breath alcohol level bal curve in nonalcoholic volunteers. Alcohol consumption is characterized by biphasic stimulant and sedative effects. Mar 11, 2009 the utility of one of the most widely used subjective alcohol assessment tools, the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes has been somewhat limited based on lack of psychometric studies in large and diverse samples, a range of alcohol doses, the length of the measure, and the original instructional set which precluded baseline measurement and disclosed to subjects that they received alcohol. Self report measures addiction research center uwmadison. Alcohol affects multiple neurotransmitter systems in the brain and brain functions.
The visual analogue scale vas consisted of descriptive words rated on a scale of 07. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a reliable and valid 14item measure of alcohols acute stimulant and sedative effects, but its length may preclude use in research paradigms with time. Alcohol dependence scale ads alcohol expectancy inventory aei alcohol hangover questionnaire ahq alcohol sensitivity questionnaire asq alcohol use history auh short michigan alcohol screening tests smast michigan assessment screening test for alcohol and drugs mastad biphasic alcohol effects scale baes cage. A rating scale approach was chosen as the response format because it is easily understood by most participants. Effects of naltrexone on alcohol sensitivity and genetic. Usually at the beginning of the consumption, while the level of alcohol in blood is increasing, it is generally perceived as a stimulant and when decreasing as a sedative. Ghrelin is supressed by intravenous alcohol and is related. It is sensitive to the stimulant and sedative effects of alcohol observed during the ascending and descending limbs of the blood alcohol curve. Biphasic effects of alcohol as a function of circadian phase. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes was developed to measure subjective ratings of alcohol sedation and stimulation, and the baes shows a pattern of stimulant effects on the ascending limb of the breath alcohol concentration brac curve and sedative effects on the descending limb of the brac curve with moderate doses of alcohol.
A subjective assessment of the shortterm effects of alcohol. Biobehavioral effects of baclofen in anxious alcohol. Inasmuch as naltrexone affects drinking by altering the subjective responses to alcohol, adolescents unique patterns of alcohol sensitivity may in. The analog scale of responses ranges from not at all to extremely. Validation of the brief biphasic alcohol effects scale bbaes. Bwsq1 bwsq2 benzodiazepine withdrawal symptom questionnaire biq bicultural involvement questionnaire baes abaes bbaes biphasic alcohol effects scale anticipated biphasic alcohol effects scale brief biphasic alcohol effects scale bbvtraq bloodborne virus transmission risk. Gabra2 alleles moderate the subjective effects of alcohol. Assessing the stimulant and sedative effects of alcohol. The subjective effects of alcohol scale semantic scholar. Assessment scale, biphasic alcohol effect scale, and the short version of the pro. The biphasic alcohol effects scale baes is a selfreport, unipolar adjective rating scale that is designed to measure both stimulant and sedative effects of. The 14item biphasic alcohol effects scale baes was selected because it is one of the most widely used subjective alcohol assessment tools in studies involving actual administration of alcohol. As stated previously, the biphasic alcohol effects scale baes.
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